Evaluation of Polyalthia Longifolia Leaf Extract Diuretics using Urine Volume Analysis and Electrolyte Excretion Potential
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Abstract
Background: Diuretics are an essential class of drugs in the management of hypertension and edema. Glodokan Tiang leaves (Polyalthia longifolia). traditionally used in Indian medicine. are thought to have diuretic effects. This study aimed to evaluate the diuretic activity of ethanol extract of Glodokan Tiang leaves in male mice (Mus musculus) and compare its potency with the diuretic Furosemide. as well as identify the underlying phytochemical content.
Methods: Ethanol extract was obtained through maceration and tested for phytochemical content. A total of 25 male mice (Mus musculus) were divided into five treatment groups: negative control (Na-CMC 0.5%). positive control (Furosemide 0.104 mg/20gBW). and three extract doses (125. 250. and 500 mg/70KgBW). Cumulative urine volume was measured for 6 hours post-treatment. and the Diuretic Index and Urine Excretion Percentage were calculated. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Duncan's post hoc test.
Results: Phytochemical screening showed that the positive extract contained secondary metabolites of flavonoids. alkaloids. tannins. and saponins. Diuretic activity test results showed significant differences between groups (p<0.05). The highest extract dose (500 mg/70KgBW) produced the highest Diuretic Index of 1.81. classified as a potential diuretic (> 1.50). Duncan's test confirmed that the diuretic activity at a dose of 500 mg/70KgBW was not statistically significantly different from the positive control (Furosemide 0.104 mg/20gBW).
Conclusion: Ethanol extract of Glodokan tiang leaves has strong diuretic potential. with the 500 mg/70 kg body weight dose proven to be the most effective.
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