Phytochemical Characterization by Gc-Ms Analysis of the Ethyl Acetate Leaf Extract of Combretum Micranthum G.Don Harvested in the Kita Region of Mali
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Abstract
Combretum micranthum G.Don (Combretaceae) is a medicinal plant widely known and used in Africa to treat various ailments, including diabetes, fever, cough, bronchitis, diarrhea, pain, malaria, and liver disorders, among others.
The objective of this study was to characterize the plant, harvested in Mali, to identify the presence of biologically active phytochemicals in ethyl acetate extracts. This study was conducted using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and the mass spectra of the compounds identified in the extract were compared to the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) database. In this study, ethyl acetate extracts of Combretum micranthum G.Don were analyzed using standard qualitative tests to detect the presence of steroids, alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, terpenoids, and cardiotonic glycosides. However, it should be noted that anthraquinones were not found in our extracts. This study was then further investigated by analyzing the bioactive compounds present in the plant's ethyl acetate extracts using GC-MS. The analysis revealed the presence of approximately one hundred different compounds in the Combretum micranthum G.Don ethyl acetate extracts, including alkaloids, terpenoids, steroids, saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons, and polyphenolic compounds. The results confirm the presence of compounds with therapeutic potential in the ethyl acetate extracts of Combretum micranthum G.Don, mainly steroids, flavonoids and terpenoids.
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