Relationship Between Age, Gender, and Comorbids with the Profile of Gallstone Types in Cholecystectomy Patients

Abstract

Cholelithiasis, the formation of gallstones in the gallbladder or its ducts, is generally asymptomatic and is only detected incidentally through imaging (60–80% of cases are asymptomatic). Serious complications such as biliary colic, acute cholecystitis, cholangitis, and pancreatitis have been reported in some patients when stones obstruct bile flow. Several studies have shown that age, gender, and the presence of comorbidities such as obesity and diabetes mellitus play a significant role in the development of certain types of gallstones. Objective: To determine the relationship between age, gender, and comorbidities with the profile of gallstone types in cholecystectomy patients at Haji General Hospital, Surabaya, in 2023–2024. Method: This study used a retrospective descriptive approach with a cross-sectional study design. The population in this study consisted of patients at Haji General Hospital, Surabaya, who were diagnosed with cholelithiasis and undergoing cholecystectomy therapy. The sample inclusion criteria included patients with a profile of gallstone types documented in the medical records of the Clinical Pathology Laboratory at Haji General Hospital, Surabaya, following cholecystectomy procedures. The sampling method in this study used the total sampling method. Results: The majority were female, comprising 51 people (65.4%). The most significant number of respondents was in the 40–59 years age group, with 36 people (46.2%). Most respondents suffered from mixed types of stones, namely 67 people (85.9%). Respondents did not have comorbidities in 52.6% of cases; the rest had comorbidities in various forms, including others (26.9%), hypertension (10.3%), and diabetes mellitus (10.3%). Conclusion: There was no significant relationship between age, gender, and comorbidities with the type of gallstones in cholecystectomy patients (p > 0.05).